INVITED TALKS
Nicolo Cartiglia (INFN Torino)
4d-tracking, LGADs, and fast timing detectors
In the past 10 years, there has been growing interest in developing particle trackers that combine excellent spatial and temporal accuracy. This evolution has been made possible by introducing in the design of silicon sensors several innovations that have substantially increased their capabilities of measuring time accurately. In this presentation, I will review this recent evolution and outline the most promising approaches in silicon technologies and associated electronics to build a particle tracker that matches the requirements of future experiments.
Michael Doser (CERN)
Quantum detectors for particle physics
An overview of different families of detectors relying on quantum effects and relevant to the field of particle physics will be given, covering existing detectors and applications, ongoing developments, and possible ideas for applications in the context of high energy particle physics.
Sean Dougherty (ALMA)
The ALMA Observatory – amazing science discoveries and the Roadmap for the next decade
The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) at 5000m altitude in northern Chile is an outstanding achievement. The array consists of 66 high-precision antennas, each with a complement of up to 10 state-of-the-art receiver systems that enable observations between 35 GHz up to almost 1 THz. The total collecting area and sensitive receiver systems in this world-leading facility, combined with the long baselines and the high-altitude site, confer unprecedented performance characteristics for scientific exploration of the Universe at sub-millimeter wavelengths. This talk will highlight a number of the ground-breaking science discoveries – the first detailed images of proto-planetary systems, detection of molecules in the first galaxies, and the first direct image of a black hole shadow – and will describe the current operational status of ALMA. Looking to the future, the ALMA2030 Development Roadmap will be presented, the scientific drivers, and the technology development that will confer new observational capabilities that will keep ALMA at the forefront of astronomical research.
Angelo Enrico Lodovico Nucciotti (INFN, Milan Bicocca)
Cryogenic detectors for rare event searches
Low-temperature single-quantum detectors have long been used in the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Since they were first proposed for neutrino physics experiments in 1984 by E. Fiorini and T. Niinikoski, there have been impressive technical advances: today these techniques offer the high energy resolution and scalability required for competitive experiments that address many outstanding questions.
For decades low-temperature detectors of different sizes have been adapted to provide optimal performance in the energy range of a few eV to a few MeV and thus to be exploited for dark matter searches, neutrinoless double beta decay, coherent neutrino scattering, and for direct neutrino mass measurements.
In this talk I will review the most widely used and advanced sensing techniques based on doped semiconductor sensors, transition-edge sensors, metallic magnetic sensors, and microwave microresonator sensors. In addition, I will introduce new quantum devices, such as those based on superconducting qubits, which have recently made it possible to design new experiments that extend the range of new physics research, particularly with respect to dark matter.
Finally, I will also highlight the most competitive experiments using these technologies and their most exciting prospects in the challenges for the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Dennis Schaart (TU Delft)
Silicon photomultipliers in medical imaging
The silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is a photosensor that can be fabricated in cost-effective (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) CMOS technology. State-of-the-art SiPMs offer high internal gain (~106), high photodetection efficiency (> 50%), and excellent single-photon time resolution (< 100 ps). The first prototype devices were developed in the late 1990s. Commercial products became available in the mid-2000’s. Further innovations, such as fully digital implementations of the silicon photomultiplier (dSiPM), were introduced in the 2010’s. Today, SiPMs have replaced vacuum photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) as the photosensor of choice in positron emission tomography (PET) scanners. Commercial SiPM-based time-of-flight (TOF) PET scanners offer time resolutions as good as ~200 ps FWHM, along with excellent spatial resolution and count rate performance. SiPMs have furthermore enabled the integration of PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology into hybrid PET/MRI devices. This talk reviews the development of SiPMs, their introduction in PET devices, and ongoing research activities in SiPM-based detectors for medical imaging. Finally, an outlook on potential future developments is given, including the quest to achieve ~10 ps time resolution in TOF-PET, research on more cost-effective detector concepts for total-body PET (e.g. making use of Cherenkov radiation), and the possibility of utilizing SiPMs in ultrafast X-ray detectors for photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT).
Thomas Ulrich (BNL)
Requirements and R&D for Detectors at the Future Electron-Ion-Collider (EIC)
The EIC’s ability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy ion beams will provide access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of gluons and sea-quarks in the proton and light nuclei.
The EIC will be an unprecedented collider with luminosities 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than that at HERA over a very wide range of center-of-mass energies from 20 up to 100-140 GeV, while accommodating highly polarized (~70%) electron and nucleon beams. Equally demanding are the requirements for physics detector(s) that will be needed to carry out the compelling EIC physics program: hermetic coverage in tracking, calorimetry and particle ID within a wide pseudorapidity range, substantial angular and momentum acceptance in the hadron-going direction, as well as high quality hadronic calorimetry among others.
In my talk I will give an overview of the detector requirements and current general-purpose detector concepts, providing a connection between physics requirements, simulations and the ongoing EIC Detector R&D Program.
Susanne Kühn (CERN)
ECFA Detector R&D Roadmap
The European Strategy for Particle Physics Update recommended that “Organised by ECFA, a roadmap should be developed by the community to balance the detector R&D efforts in Europe, taking into account progress with emerging technologies in adjacent fields“. This Roadmap which is based on the input of the community and was developed within the Detector R&D Panel, was approved by ECFA and published at the end of 2021. In this talk the findings of the Task forces and the corresponding detector technology areas or cross-cutting activities will be presented. The important drivers and general strategic recommendations for future Detector R&D will be highlighted.